OnLine Genetics Textbook - Quiz

Developed by: Andrew Mao

This is a quiz for the OnLine Genetics Textbook. See if you have mastered the concepts covered!

Question 1: What is DNA? Who founded it?

	Deoxyribonucleic acid founded by Phoebus Levene
	Deoxyribonucleic acid founded by Albert Einstein
	Ribonucleic acid founded by Friedrich Miescher
	Deoxyribonucleic acid founded by Friedrich Miescher

Question 2: What is RNA? What does RNA do?

	Deoxyribonucleic acid that holds all the information about the body
	Ribonucleic acid that holds all the information about the body
	Ribonucleic acid that carries messages out from the nucleus on how to make protein
	Deoxyribonucleic acid that carries messages from the nucleus on how to make protein

Question 3: What are the components of the DNA backbone? What is the point of the DNA backbone?

	Sugar and phosphate, it serves to connect the nitrogen bases
	Nitrogen bases, it serves to hold all of the information about the body
	Sugar and phosphate, it serves to shape the DNA into the double helix structure
	Nitrogen bases, it serves to connect sugar and phosphate

Question 4: What are the nitrogen bases and how do they pair up?

	Thymine pairs with Cytosine and Guanine pairs with Adenine
	Thymine pairs with Guanine and Cytosine pairs with Adenine
	Adenine pairs with Thymine and Guanine pairs with Cytosine
	Adenine pairs with Cytosine and Guanine pairs with Thymine

Question 5: What is a gene? Where is it located?

	It is a nitrogen base found in the DNA
	It is a segment of DNA found in the nucleus
	It is a segment of DNA found in the nitrogen bases
	It is a segment of DNA found in chromosomes

Question 6: Why does DNA need to regenerate?

	So that the cell has more DNA and therefore it is smarter
	So that the cell can perform Meiosis
	So that the cell can perform Mitosis
	So that the cell can split in half to make two gametes

Question 7: How is DNA replicated?

	The helicase splits the DNA molecule into two strands, the primase lays down RNA, Polymerase III copies on DNA, Polymerase I replaces RNA with DNA, and Ligase seals the DNA together
	The helicase splits the DNA molecule into two strands, the Polymerase copies on the DNA, the Ligase adds on the RNA, and then the Primase seals the DNA and RNA together
	The ligase splits the DNA molecule into two strands, the Primase copies the DNA on, the ligase then fixes errors, and finally the Polymerase I seals the DNA together
	The helicase splits the DNA molecule into two strands, the ligase lays down RNA, the Primase replaces the RNA with DNA, and the Polymerase II seals the DNA together

Question 8: What is the purpose of the cell cycle?

	So that the cell can split and form 4 haploid cells
	There is no point in the cell cycle, it is just a series of events happening in the cell
	So that the cell can replicate its DNA
	So that the cell can perform Mitosis

Question 9: What is the point of Mitosis and why is it important?

	It is important as it is used so that the DNA can be replicated in preparation for Meiosis
	It is important as it is used so that the organism can grow and replace damaged cells
	It is important as it is used to make the cell a gamete
	It is important as it is used to make four haploid cells

Question 10: What is the point of Meiosis? How does this process occur?

	To create an identical cell, the DNA is duplicated and then the cell splits to form two identical cells
	Meiosis is only used as another name for Mitosis
	To create 4 gametes, the DNA is replicated, chromosome pairs mix, then the cell is split twice to form 4 gametes
	To create a single gamete, the cell is simply split two form two haploid gamete cells

Question 11: What are the major differences between Mitosis and Meiosis?

	Mitosis creates an identical cell while Meiosis creates 4 gametes
	Mitosis creates 4 haploid cells while Meiosis creates 4 identical cells
	Mitosis creates a haploid cell while Meiosis creates an identical cell
	Mitosis creates 4 gametes while Meiosis creates an identical cell

Question 12: What is different about the chromosome pairs in Mitosis and Meiosis?

	The chromosome pairs in Meiosis are random while in Mitosis they are the same as the parent cell
	The chromosome pairs are always the same whether Meiosis or Mitosis
	The chromosomes are not in pairs in Meiosis while in Mitosis they are
	The chromosome pairs in Meiosis are the same as the parent cell while in Mitosis they are random

Question 13: Describe the process of sexual reproduction.

	Two cells are randomly selected from both parents' bodies and joined together in a cell with 92 chromosomes
	Gametes are created first; then, the egg is fertilized by the sperm to complete the process
	Mitosis occurs to create a gamete; the egg is then fertilized by the sperm to complete the process
	A random cell in each parent's body is split in half and they join together in a cell with a random amount of chromosomes

Question 14: What are the advantages of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction?

	Sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction are the same
	It carries adaptions from both parents, removing mutations; it also creates variation in offspring
	It requires two parents, not just one
	It gives genes from both parents to the offspring

Question 15: What are the advantages of asexual reproduction over sexual reproduction?

	It can happen whenever you want
	It requires only one parent, has a higher success rate, and takes less time
	It requires two parents
	Asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction are the same

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